Size
NOW Foods Vitamin E-400 Dry
NOW Foods' take on vitamin E, in a vcaps format that is easy to keep to day after day.
Why people take it
- Vitamin E contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress
How to use
Take as directed on the pack, ideally with food and at the same time each day.
Good to know
- Format: vcaps
- Caffeine free
- Vegetarian-friendly capsule shell
A food supplement, not a substitute for a varied diet and healthy lifestyle. Do not exceed the stated dose. Keep out of reach of children.
At a glance
Limited
evidence for vitamin e
Our honest take
A 400 IU vitamin E in a dry (powder) form in a vegetarian capsule, which suits people who avoid gelatin softgels. 400 IU is many times what the body needs, and the NHS says most people get enough vitamin E from food. Large trials of 400 IU a day found no protection against heart disease or cancer, and one found more prostate cancer in men taking it, so there is little reason to take it long term without advice.
- You have been advised to take vitamin E and want a vegetarian capsule
- You do not get on with oil-filled softgels
- You take warfarin, aspirin or another blood thinner, or have surgery coming up: high-dose vitamin E can increase bleeding
- You eat nuts, seeds and plant oils: you almost certainly get enough already
- You smoke or are a man concerned about prostate health: long-term high doses are not advised
The science
Vitamin E· evidence: Limited
Vitamin E is a group of fat-soluble compounds (tocopherols and tocotrienols); alpha-tocopherol is the form the body keeps and the one labels count. It is found in plant oils, nuts and seeds, and the NHS says you should be able to get all you need from your diet. Deficiency is very rare and usually linked to conditions that stop fat being absorbed.
Large, long trials of high-dose vitamin E have not shown benefits for heart disease, cancer or general health in well-nourished people. Some found possible harm: the SELECT trial found more prostate cancer in men taking 400 IU a day, and a meta-analysis linked very high doses to slightly higher overall mortality.
Natural vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol) is more potent per IU-labelled milligram than synthetic (dl-alpha). Mixed tocopherols and tocotrienols are marketed as closer to food, but there is little good human evidence that they make a difference.
Vitamin E contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress. (Applies where a daily dose gives at least 15% of the NRV, i.e. 1.8 mg.)
Typical dose: UK guidance: about 4 mg a day for men and 3 mg for women (NRV on labels: 12 mg). Supplements often give 100 to 400 IU (roughly 67 to 268 mg natural vitamin E).
Safety: The FSA advises that 540 mg (800 IU) a day or less from supplements is unlikely to cause harm; EFSA's upper level for adults is 300 mg a day. High doses can increase bleeding risk, so speak to your GP if you take warfarin, other anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs, or before surgery. Long-term high-dose use is not advised for smokers or men concerned about prostate health.
Research we looked at:
NHS. Vitamin E. nhs.uk/conditions/vitamins-and-minerals/vitamin-e
EFSA NDA Panel. Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for vitamin E as alpha-tocopherol. EFSA Journal 2015;13(7):4149.
Klein EA, Thompson IM, Tangen CM, et al. Vitamin E and the risk of prostate cancer: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA 2011;306(14):1549-1556.
Miller ER, Pastor-Barriuso R, Dalal D, et al. Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann Intern Med 2005;142(1):37-46.
Ingredients & nutrition
Always check the pack you receive, as manufacturers sometimes update recipes.
How to use
Food supplements should not replace a varied, balanced diet and healthy lifestyle. General information, not medical advice. Speak to your GP or pharmacist first if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, have a medical condition or take medication.
NOW Foods' take on vitamin E, in a vcaps format that is easy to keep to day after day.
Why people take it
- Vitamin E contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress
How to use
Take as directed on the pack, ideally with food and at the same time each day.
Good to know
- Format: vcaps
- Caffeine free
- Vegetarian-friendly capsule shell
A food supplement, not a substitute for a varied diet and healthy lifestyle. Do not exceed the stated dose. Keep out of reach of children.
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